Extending the Operating Line Methodology to Consider Shaft and Preheating Injections in Blast Furnaces

In the last years, injection of reducing gases in shaft and preparation zone blast furnace has been proposed as a decarbonization option, mainly associated to oxyfuel furnaces top gas recycling configurations. However, Rist diagram, which is one preferred methodologies characterize operation furnaces, not valid evaluate these new options. this article we propose generalization operating line methodology extend its applicability scenarios variable molar flows along (i.e., preheating injections) non-continuous oxidation profiles (presence CO2 H2O injected gases). The extended was implemented an Aspen Plus simulation, provides detailed modelling zone, thermal reserve lower raceways. simulation used validate generalized through three different data sets: (i) air-blown with pulverized coal O2 enrichment, (ii) injection, (iii) zone. general, discrepancy between reference results well below 3.5%, so considered validated.